EAGLE Gasification Technology
Features and Structure of the Gasifier
- The rotational flow of coal particles in the gasifier lengthens the residence time and encourages a gasification reaction. This will make it possible to obtain high gasification efficiency.
- We will place an upper/lower two-stage coal burner in the gasification section to appropriately control the upper/lower amount of oxygen supplied. This will achieve high gasification efficiency (= high power generation efficiency) and stable slag discharge.
- We will add low-grade coal, for which use is expected to expand in the future, to make it possible to apply a wide range of coal varieties. This will make it possible to expand to some bituminous coals that have been conventionally used in coal-fired power.
Characteristics and Structure of the Gasifier
Coal types usable in an EAGLE gasifier
*The Osaki CoolGen Project is a demonstration to scale up the EAGLE gasifier that was developed in the EAGLE pilot test (Electric Power Development Co. Ltd. (J-POWER) Wakamatsu Research Institute in Kitakyushu City in FY2002 to FY2014).
EAGLE：Coal Energy Application for Gas, Liquid, and Electricity
Features of Coal Gasification Technology
Contributing to the Prevention of Global Warming
If high-efficiency IGCC and IGFC were introduced into the United States, China and India – the countries that account for over 70% of CO2 emissions originating from coal-fired thermal power generation around the world – there would be a reduction effect significantly greater than the total annual emissions of Japan (approx. 1.4 billion tons).
Note: This is an estimate we have made with reference to the Long-term Energy Supply and Demand Outlook Subcommittee Document (5th Meeting)
Increase in the Coal Varieties Used
Coal gasification excels at using low-grade coal(sub-bituminous coal and brown coal), that is not suitable for PCF plant. Therefore, in addition to leading to the effective use of resources, it is also possible to expect economic benefits.
Source: WEC World Energy Resources 2013 Survey
Efficient CO2 Capture
The pre-combustion capture method is applied in IGCC. The treated gas has a high pressure, low volume and high CO2 concentration. This means that there is a low level of energy loss and efficient capture is possible.
Reduction in the Volume of Ash
Coal ash is melted in the gasifier and discharged as slag (glass-like solidified matter). Therefore, the volume of ash is reduced by about half compared to PCF ash.We plan to re-use the slag as roadbed material and similar.
Features of Oxygen-blown Syngas
Syngas is characterized by abundant combustive components (CO and H2) in the gas and by having a high calorific value.It is possible to expect that this will have even higher efficiency in the future in conjunction with an increase of the gas turbine combustion temperature.
Coal Gasification Technology Q&A
Q: What is coal gasification?
A: By adding a little bit of oxygen and heat and steaming the coal, fuel gas mainly comprised of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) is created. The fuel gas is used to generate power. "Coal gasification" refers to the process of changing coal, a solid, into a fuel gas.
Figure of adding a little bit of oxygen and heat and steaming coal, thus creating fuel gas mainly comprised of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2)
Q: Why does coal gasification technology increase the generating efficiency?
A: In conventional coal-fired power generation, pulverized coal was burned in a boiler to create steam, and that steam was used to turn a steam turbine to generate power.
With the "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)," the coal is not burned in a boiler, but the gasified coal gas is used as a fuel for combined cycle power generation using both a gas turbine and a steam turbine, thus increasing the generating efficiency. As technology to further improve the generating efficiency, we plan to engage in establishing generating technology called "Integrated Coal Gasification Fuel Cell Combined Cycle (IGFC)," which performs a triple combined cycle using a fuel cell, gas turbine, and steam turbine.
Q: How much CO2 can be reduced using coal gasification technology?
A: The generating efficiency for a USC (ultra-supercritical pressure pulverized coal-fired power generation) used in a cutting-edge coal-fired power station in Japan is about 40%. A commercial machine using the "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)" could improve the generating efficiency to about 46%, reducing the amount of CO2 emissions about 15% compared to the USC. Furthermore, if we can realize the "Integrated Coal Gasification Fuel Cell Combined Cycle (IGFC)," the ultimate high-efficiency coal-fired power generation that combines IGCC with a fuel cell, then the generating efficiency of a commercial plant could reach 55%, reducing the amount of CO2 emissions about 30% compared to the USC.
* Values for generating efficiency are sending-end, high-grade heating value-based (HHV).
Technical roadmap on next-generation thermal power generation
Created based on "Technical roadmap on next-generation thermal power generation, technical reference documents" from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
Source: OSAKI CoolGen
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The 10 largest coal producers and exporters in Indonesia:
The 10 largest coal producers and exporters in Indonesia:
